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NVIDIA NCP-AIN 考試大綱：

主題	簡介
主題 1	Spectrum-X Configuration, Optimization, Security, and Troubleshooting: This section of the exam measures skills of Network Performance Engineers and covers configuring, managing, and securing NVIDIA Spectrum-X switches. It includes setting performance baselines, resolving performance issues, and using diagnostic tools such as CloudAI benchmark, NCCL, and NetQ. It also emphasizes leveraging DPUs for network acceleration and using monitoring tools like Grafana and SNMP for telemetry analysis.
主題 2	InfiniBand Configuration, Optimization, Security, and Troubleshooting: This section of the exam measures skills of Data Center Network Administrators and covers the configuration and operational maintenance of NVIDIA InfiniBand switches. It includes setting up InfiniBand fabrics for multi-tenant environments, managing subnet configurations, testing connectivity, and using UFM to troubleshoot and analyze issues. It also focuses on validating rail-optimized topologies for optimal network performance.
主題 3	Architecture: This section of the exam measures skills of AI Infrastructure Architects and covers the ability to distinguish between AI factory and AI data center architectures. It includes understanding how Ethernet and InfiniBand differ in performance and application, and identifying the right storage options based on speed, scalability, and cost to fit AI networking needs.

 

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最新的 NVIDIA-Certified Professional NCP-AIN 免費考試真題 (Q68-Q73):

問題 #68
What command sequence is used to identify the exact name of the server that runs as the master SM in a multi-node fabric?

• A. ibis
  ibsim <LID>
• B. sminfo
  smpquery Nl <LID>
• C. ibstat
  sminfo <LID>
• D. sminfo
  smpquery ND <LID>

答案：D

解題說明：
To identify the activeSubnet Manager (SM)node in an InfiniBand fabric, the correct command sequence is:
* sminfo
* Displays general information about the active SM in the fabric, including itsLID.
* smpquery ND <LID>
* Resolves theNode Description (ND)at the given LID, revealing the exact hostname or label of the SM server.
From the InfiniBand Tools Guide:
"The sminfo utility provides the LID of the master SM. Use smpquery ND <LID> to resolve the node name hosting the SM." This two-step approach is standard for locating and validating the SM identity in fabric diagnostics.
Incorrect Options:
* B (Nl)is an invalid query type.
* CandDdo not identify SMs.
Reference: InfiniBand SM Tools - sminfo & smpquery Usage

 

問題 #69
Which tool would you use to gather telemetry data in a SpectrumX network?

• A. BCM
• B. NVIEW
• C. UFM
• D. NetQ

答案：D

解題說明：
The NVIDIA Spectrum-X networking platform is an Ethernet-based solution optimized for AI workloads, combining Spectrum-4 switches, BlueField-3 SuperNICs, and advanced software to deliver high performance and low latency. Gathering telemetry data is critical for optimizing Spectrum-X networks, as it provides visibility into network performance, congestion, and potential issues. The question asks for the tool used to collect telemetry data in a Spectrum-X network.
According to NVIDIA's official documentation, NVIDIA NetQ is the primary tool for gathering telemetry data in Ethernet-based networks, including those running on Spectrum-X platforms with Cumulus Linux or SONiC. NetQ is a network operations toolset that provides real-time monitoring, telemetry collection, and analytics for network health, enabling administrators to optimize performance, troubleshoot issues, and validate configurations. It collects detailed telemetry data such as link status, packet drops, latency, and congestion metrics, which are essential for Spectrum-X optimization.
Exact Extract from NVIDIA Documentation:
"NVIDIA NetQ is a highly scalable network operations tool that provides telemetry-based monitoring and analytics for Ethernet networks, including NVIDIA Spectrum-X platforms. NetQ collects real-time telemetry data from switches and hosts, offering insights into network performance, congestion, and connectivity. It supports Cumulus Linux and SONiC environments, making it ideal for optimizing Spectrum-X networks by providing visibility into key metrics like latency, throughput, and packet loss."
-NVIDIA NetQ User Guide
This extract confirms that option C, NetQ, is the correct tool for gathering telemetry data in a Spectrum-X network. NetQ's integration with Spectrum-X switches and its ability to collect and analyze telemetry data make it the go-to solution for network optimization tasks.

 

問題 #70
When designing a multi-tenancy East/West (E/W) fabric using Unified Fabric Manager (UFM), which method should be used?

• A. ROMA
• B. VLAN
• C. VXLAN
• D. Partition / PKey

答案：D

解題說明：
In InfiniBand networks,Partitioning using Partition Keys (PKeys)is the standard method for implementing multi-tenancy and traffic isolation. PKeys allow administrators to define logical partitions within the fabric, ensuring that traffic is confined to designated groups of nodes. This mechanism is essential for creating secure and isolated environments in multi-tenant architectures.
The Unified Fabric Manager (UFM) leverages PKeys to manage these partitions effectively, enabling administrators to assign and control access rights across different tenants. This approach ensures that each tenant's traffic remains isolated, maintaining both security and performance integrity within the shared fabric.
Reference:NVIDIA UFM Enterprise User Manual v6.15.6-4

 

問題 #71
When creating a simu-lation in NVIDIA AIR, what syntax would you use to define a link between port 1 on spine-01 and port 41 on gpu-leaf-01?

• A. "spine-01 'eth1" to "gpu-leaf-01":"eth41"
• B. "spine-01":*swp01" - *gpu-leaf-01":"swp41"
• C. "spine-01":"eth1" - "gpu-leaf-01":"eth41"
• D. "spine-01":"swp1" to "gpu-leaf-01":"swp41"

答案：B

解題說明：
NVIDIA AIR (AI-Ready Infrastructure) is a cloud-based simulation platform designed to model and validate data center network deployments, including Spectrum-X Ethernet networks, using realistic topologies and configurations. When creating a custom topology in NVIDIA AIR, users can define network links between devices (e.g., spine and leaf switches) using a DOT file format, which is based on the Graphviz graph visualization software. The question asks for the correct syntax to define a link between port 1 on a spine switch (spine-01) and port 41 on a leaf switch (gpu-leaf-01) in a NVIDIA AIR simulation.
According to NVIDIA's official NVIDIA AIR documentation, the DOT file format is used to specify network topologies, including nodes (devices) and links (connections between ports). The syntax for defining a link in a DOT file uses a double dash (--) to indicate a connection between two ports, with each port specified in the format "<node>":"<port>". For Spectrum-X networks, which typically use Cumulus Linux or SONiC on NVIDIA Spectrum switches, ports are commonly labeled as swpX (switch port X) rather than ethX (Ethernet interface), especially for switch-to-switch connections in a leaf-spine topology. The correct syntax for the link between port 1 on spine-01 and port 41 on gpu-leaf-01 is:
"spine-01":"swp01" -- "gpu-leaf-01":"swp41"
This syntax uses swp01 and swp41 to denote switch ports, consistent with Cumulus Linux conventions, and the double dash (--) to indicate the link, as required by the DOT file format.
Exact Extract from NVIDIA Documentation:
"You can create custom topologies in Air using a DOT file, which is the file type used with the open-source graph visualization software, Graphviz. DOT files define nodes, attributes, and connections for generating a topology for a network. The following is an example of a link definition in a DOT file:
"leaf01":"swp31" -- "spine01":"swp1"
This specifies a connection between port swp31 on leaf01 and port swp1 on spine01. Port names typically follow the switch port naming convention (e.g., swpX) for Cumulus Linux-based switches."
-NVIDIA Air Custom Topology Guide
This extract confirms that option A is the correct answer, as it uses the proper DOT file syntax with swp01 and swp41 for port names and the double dash (--) for the link, aligning with NVIDIA AIR's topology definition process for Spectrum-X simulations.
Analysis of Other Options:
* B. "spine-01":"swp1" to "gpu-leaf-01":"swp41": This option uses the correct port naming convention (swp1 and swp41) but incorrectly uses the word to as the connector instead of the double dash (--). The DOT file format requires -- to define links, making this syntax invalid for NVIDIA AIR.
* C. "spine-01":"eth1" to "gpu-leaf-01":"eth41": This option uses ethX port names, which are typically used for host interfaces (e.g., servers) rather than switch ports in Cumulus Linux or SONiC environments. Switch ports in Spectrum-X topologies are labeled swpX. Additionally, the use of to instead of -- is incorrect for DOT file syntax, making this option invalid.
* D. "spine-01":"eth1" - "gpu-leaf-01":"eth41": This option uses a single dash (-) instead of the required double dash (--) and incorrectly uses ethX port names instead of swpX. The ethX naming is not standard for switch ports in Spectrum-X, and the single dash is not valid DOT file syntax, making this option incorrect.
Why "spine-01":"swp01" -- "gpu-leaf-01":"swp41" is the Correct answer:
Option A correctly adheres to the DOT file syntax used in NVIDIA AIR for defining network links:
* Node and Port Naming: The nodes spine-01 and gpu-leaf-01 are specified with their respective ports swp01 and swp41, following the swpX convention for switch ports in Cumulus Linux-based Spectrum- X switches.
* Link Syntax: The double dash (--) is the standard connector in DOT files to indicate a link between two ports, as required by Graphviz and NVIDIA AIR.
* Spectrum-X Context: In a Spectrum-X leaf-spine topology, connections between spine and leaf switches (e.g., Spectrum-4 switches) use switch ports labeled swpX, making swp01 and swp41 appropriate for this simulation.
This syntax ensures that the NVIDIA AIR simulation accurately models the physical connection between spine-01 port 1 and gpu-leaf-01 port 41, enabling validation of the Spectrum-X network topology. The DOT file can be uploaded to NVIDIA AIR to generate the topology, as described in the documentation.

 

問題 #72
Which of the following NCCL environment variables enable SHARP aggregation with NCCL when using the NCCL-SHARP plugin?
Pick the 2 correct responses below

• A. NCCL_ALGO=CollNet
• B. NCCL_SHARP_AUTOINIT
• C. NCCLSPECTRUM_ENABLE=1
• D. NCCL_COLLNET_ENABLE=1

答案：B,D

解題說明：
To enable SHARP (Scalable Hierarchical Aggregation and Reduction Protocol) aggregation using theNCCL- SHARP plugin, the following two environment variables are required:
* NCCL_COLLNET_ENABLE=1
Enables NCCL's support for CollNet (Collective Network) operations, including SHARP.
* NCCL_SHARP_AUTOINIT=1
Automatically initializes the SHARP plugin when available, activating SHARP-based collectives.
From theNVIDIA NCCL User Guide - SHARP Plugin Section:
"NCCL_COLLNET_ENABLE must be set to enable collective network acceleration features."
"NCCL_SHARP_AUTOINIT enables automatic SHARP plugin integration at NCCL runtime." Incorrect Options:
* B. NCCL_ALGO=CollNet- This variable controls the algorithm used for collectives but does not enable SHARP.
* C. NCCLSPECTRUM_ENABLE- This is not a documented NCCL variable.
Reference: NCCL SHARP Plugin Guide & NCCL User Guide - Environment Variables Section

 

問題 #73
......

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